[ effect of fennel on the primary dysmenorrhea in students of Shahrekord university of medical sciences]

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common disorders in women and its main treatment is non -steroid anti-inflammatory drugs .Due to side effects of chemical drugs and traditionally use of fennel as sedative plant, the aim of this study was to detect the effect of fennel on primary dysmenorrhea. In this single blind clinical trial, sixty students in Shahrekord university of medical sciences with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly selected in two groups receiving fennel and placebo. For data collection, we used record information form and visual analogue scale. At the end of first and second month after the intervention, the severity of dysmenorrhea was detected and compared with before. Data analized by SPSS, using chi-square, t and paired manwitney tests and P<0.05 was considered significant. Mean of dysmenorrhea scores was similar before the intervention in two groups, but at the end of first month after the intervention, it was 10.67 +/- 6.07 in fennel group and 16.11 +/- 6.35 in placebo group, and after the end of second month following the intervention it was 9.29 +/- 6.18 in fennel versus 15.94 +/- 7.43 in placebo group [P<0.05] probably the Fennel extract can reduce the primary dysmenorrhea .The researches with more samples and longer time are suggested

[ effect of occupational therapy on positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients]

Poor social, self-care, and vocational functioning are criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia in most diagnostic systems. Consequently, improving the social behaviors of persons with schizophrenia has been a key target of psychiatric rehabilitation. The occupational therapy is a non organic therapeutic that causes elevated self stem, foppishness and strengthening of occupational behaviour. The aim of this survey is the effect of occupational therapy on the positive and negative symptom's of schizophrenic patients with bear out their symptoms. This survey is an experimental study that, positive and negative symptom's of schizophrenic patients assessed with scale for the assessment of positive and negative symptoms. Then the samples consisted of schizophrenic patients divided randomly into case [30] and control [30] groups. Occupational therapy was performed in case group within a period 20 hours in week for 6 months, then patiants assessed repeatly with SAPS.SANS. Quantative analysis of data was undertaken by using paired and dependent t students tesats and Willcoxon test .Results demonestrated the mean of the total score of negative symptom 72.5 +/- 19.5 and posetive symptom 112 +/- 32.57. Also occupational therapy effected on the posetive and negative symptom's of schizophrenic patiants. In posetive symptom occupational therapy effected on the hallusination and bizzare behaviour [P<0.001], for all noeffected on dellusions and thought. In negative symptom occupational therapy effected on the apathy and involition, attention disorders, anhedonia and thought disorders [P<0.001], for all noeffected on inappropiate affect. The occupational therapy is a non organic therapuitic that causes elevated self steem, foppishness and strengthening of occupational behaviour

[ viewpoints of students and educators, in faculty of nursing and midwifery of Shahrekord university of medical sciences, about the effective factors in academic improvement of students, 2004]

The development of each community is influenced by its educated individuals. Therefore, recognition of influencing factors in academic improvement of students and attention to these factors are essential for persistent development. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effective factors and compare the viewpoints of the students and educators, in faculty of nursing and midwifery of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, about the effect of these factors. In this descriptive-analytical study which performed in 2004, a total of 232 students, from faculty of nursing and midwifery, educating in third semester or higher and 22 of their educators were examined based on census sampling. The viewpoints about influencing factors on academic improvement were collected by questionnaires including two sections: the first section included demographic questions and the second contained 47 questions in 6 fields. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistic [general linear model and multivariate analysis of variance]. The findings showed that there was significant relationship between gender, diploma grade-point average, semester or course and academic improvement [P<0.05]. Also from students' viewpoints about influencing factors on academic improvement the upper score belongs to educational content [4.46 +/- 0.63] and the lower score belongs to students' factors [3.85 +/- 0.63] although from educators' viewpoints the upper score belongs to educational content [4.33 +/- 0.68] and the lower score belongs to socioeconomic factors [3.67 +/- 0.71]. The most difference among viewpoints belongs to socioeconomic status [P<0.05] and educational environment domains [P<0.01]. Paying attention to educational quality by medical and science courses designers may have important effects on academic improvement in the students

[ survey on quality of life in patients with myocardial infarction, referred to Shahrekord Hagar hospital in 2005]

Myocardial infarction [MI] is a common and dangerous disorder that threat people life and affects their quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess quality of life in patients with MI were referring to Shahrekord Hagar hospital. In this descriptive and analytical study, 150 patients who suffered from MI, were selected as sample from CCU patients in Shahrekord Hagar hospital. Via interview and referring to patients files data were collected using two sectional questionnaire that included demographic characteristic and standard questionnaire [SF36]. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Mean age of the patients was 55.7 +/- 10.5 and quality of life in majority of subjects under investigation was fairly favorite [53%]. Quality of life in majority of samples in general status [62%], social and occupational [65%] or sleep [61%] status was favorite. However, physical activity in 62% of samples was unfavorite. There was a meaningful correlation between period of diseases and quality of life [P<0.05]. But there was no relation between other demographic variations such as: age, gender and marital status, occupational or economical status and the quality of life. Also there is a meaningful relation between general status, social status, sleep status or physical activity with quality of life [P<0.05]. Medical staffs, especially nurses should pay attention to all dimensions of quality of life in planning care in MI patients. Because unacceptable attention to all these dimensions may cause disturbance in patients' quality of life

[Elective induction of labor versus spontaneous labor in Hajar hospital, Shahrekord]

With attention to increasing of the early hospitalization of women, induction of labor and its complications, the present study designed to compare the elective induction and spontaneous labor considering the mother and infant outcome. In a prospective and analytical study using of questionnaire and check list, 50 nulliparous women who were hospitalized for elective induction were compared with 50 nulliparous women with spontaneous labor in terms of Bishop score of cervix, duration of labor stages, number of vaginal examinations, intensity of uterine contractions, fetal distress, mode of delivery, Apgar score and birth weight of infants. The exclusion criteria were, multifetal pregnancy, abnormal presentation, premature rupture of membrane, preterm labor and placenta abruption. Data analyzed by t, Chi square and Pearson correlation tests. There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of age, job and gestational age, mean of duration of labor stages, number of vaginal examinations, birth weight and Apgar score. In 98% of women with induced labor, Bishop score was <5. In this study group tetanic contractions, fetal distresses and cesarean sections were more than those of women with spontaneous labor [p<0.001]. Elective induction of labor must be applied when there is a medical indication for termination of pregnancy. Onetime admission of women for delivery and change the women's attitude towards the benefits of spontaneous labor and complications of elective induction are suggestive ways until they decide with knowledge and select these methods

[ comparison of mental health in employed and unemployed women in Shahrekord -2005]

Women, as the major foundation of every family, play an effective role in achieving a breakthrough in the community goals. Thus drawing attention to their mental and physical health is of great importance and this can, in turn impinge on the family and community health. This study was carried out to compare the mental health of the employed women with the unemployed ones in the health centers of Shahrekord. In this descriptive analytical and cross-sectional study, 500 women [250 employed and 250 unemployed] were selected randomly from nine health centers and were studied through GHQ -28 questionnaire. Factors such as pregnancy, menopause, celibacy, infertility, history of mental health, history of chronic disease, death of a beloved during the past year, level of education below grade 9 and a job history of less than 6 months were excluded from the study. Data was analysed by SPSS through t-test and chi-square test. The results indicated that 66.8% of the unemployed were healthy but 33.2% were unhealthy. In the unemployed, 69.2% were healthy but 30.8% were unhealthy. So there was no significant difference between mental health in the two groups. Also there was not a significant correlation between the individual characteristics and mental health in the two groups. Mean of GHO scores in various domains of the disease in the healthy and unhealthy subjects represents that physical and functional disorders, anxiety and depression in the two groups were not statistically significant. So it is suggested that health managers and policy makers of the health centers in the province have to pay more attention to mental health specially in unemployed women

causes of pregnancy termination in the third trimester and its relationship with maternal and child fate

Observations show that the majority of women referring to hospitals to terminate their pregnancy in the third trimester have not initiated uterine contractions. Regarding the importance of infant - mother health and unnecessary cesarean section, the present research was conducted to determine the causes of pregnancy termination in the third trimester and its association with the fate of mother and fetus in Shahrekord in 2005. In this cross - sectional study 750 pregnant women who had been hospitalized to terminate pregnancy in the third trimester were selected randomly in three morning, afternoon and night shifts. Data collection tools were questionnaires and checklists which were completed through original examination of the patients, file study, interview with mother, and postnatal examination of the infant. The fate of infant and mother was determined through the type of delivery, pregnancy age and infant weight. The data were then classified and analysed using SPSS software, t-test, 2 and Pearson correlation coefficient. 298 [39.7%] of mothers referred to the hospital due to the labor pain and 452 [60.3%] of them were advised to terminate their pregnancy by the physician. 23.2% of the above mentioned patients had been hospitalized due to the causes such as previous cesarean section, tendency toward cesarean, and mother - infant problems during the pregnancy. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between cause of pregnancy termination and type of delivery after exclusion of repeated cesarean section cases and tendency toward cesarean, and the patients advised by the physician had undergone more cesarean section [P=0.001]. Pregnancy age in the group advised by physician for hospitalization was more than the group who had been hospitalized due to labor pain [P=0.003]. Infant weight had no significant difference in two groups. Elective termination prior to labor pain can enhance the risk of cesarean section. Taking precise pregnancy history, performing sonography in the first 26 weeks, gestation and training the pregnant women the time of referring to hospital can prevent termination of pregnancy